![]() The aim of this study was to compare whether sensible heat flux, which is more effective than temperature in quantitative thermal environment analysis, is more effective than temperature in vulnerability assessment. Since temperature is the result of heat exchange, we need to understand the mechanism of space and heat flux to find adaptation methods in thermally vulnerable areas. Thermal vulnerability has been popularly assessed by heat events based on summer temperature. However, Birkmann defined the vulnerability as physical, social, economic, environmental and institutional mechanisms that determine systems’ susceptibility and dealing and adaptive capacity considering how the systems react to dangers, such as the effects of climate changes. Therefore, it is necessary to review thermal vulnerability among residents in urban and metropolitan areas at the community level. Moreover, recent studies have assessed heat vulnerability mainly in Europe and the United States in regional scale and shown the trend of using various methods a principal component analysis, a regression, and multi-criteria outranking approach. The UHI effect represents a serious threat to citizens of population-concentrated metropolitan areas where urban canyons exacerbate thermal conditions and increase heat concentration. argued for the need to improve analytical techniques for exploring and identifying vulnerabilities due to urban warming. Additional studies have examined the influence of heat waves on heat-related mortality. Several studies have investigated the urban heat island (UHI) effect in efforts to address global warming due to urbanisation. Moreover, as urbanization accelerates, researchers have raised concerns regarding the deterioration of the thermal environment. Thus, our results may aid in establishing spatial planning standards to improve environmental sustainability in a metropolitan community.Īpproximately 48% of the global population will face lethal heat waves by 2100 due to rising global temperatures associated with climate change. Our findings support the notion that the distribution of sensible heat vulnerability at the community level is useful for evaluating the thermal environment in specific neighbourhoods. These findings indicate that deriving thermally vulnerable areas based on sensible heat are more objective than thermally vulnerable areas based on existing temperatures. The correlation (0.73) between spatial distribution of sensible heat vulnerability and mortality rate was significantly greater than that (0.30) between the spatial distribution of temperature vulnerability and mortality rate. A vulnerability map reflecting daytime temperature was derived to plot thermal vulnerability based on sensible heat and climate change exposure factors. In the present study, we adopted two methods for spatial modelling of the thermal environment based on sensible heat and temperature. Climate change has led to increases in global temperatures, raising concerns regarding the threat of lethal heat waves and deterioration of the thermal environment. ![]()
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